Canyoneering First-Aid

Canyoneering often takes place in remote, rugged environments where medical assistance may be hours or days away. Proper first-aid knowledge and preparation are critical for handling injuries, illnesses, and emergencies.

First-Aid Kit Essentials:

Bandages and Dressings: Adhesive bandages, gauze pads, medical tape, and elastic bandages for cuts, scrapes, and sprains.

Wound Care Supplies: Antiseptic wipes, antibiotic ointment, tweezers (for splinters or debris), and irrigation syringes.

Blister Care: Moleskin, hydrogel pads, and blister-specific bandages.

Medications: Pain relievers (ibuprofen or acetaminophen), antihistamines, and anti-inflammatory medications.

Splinting Materials: Lightweight, packable splints or SAM splints for fractures or severe sprains.

Thermal Protection: Emergency blanket or bivy sack for hypothermia; fire starter of some kind

Other Items: Nitrile gloves, water filter (LifeStraw), cold packs and a whistle for signaling.

Bleeding:

• Apply direct pressure with a clean dressing.

• Elevate the wound (if appropriate) to reduce blood flow.

• Secure with gauze and tape.

• For severe bleeding, use a tourniquet as a last resort.

Fractures or Sprains:

• Immobilize the injured area with a splint or improvised materials.

• Avoid moving the person unless absolutely necessary.

• Use cold packs (or canyon water) to reduce swelling.

Hypothermia:

• Remove wet clothing and insulate the person with dry materials.

• Use an emergency blanket or bivy sack to retain heat.

• Offer warm fluids if the person is conscious and able to drink.

Dehydration or Heat Exhaustion:

• Rehydrate with water or electrolyte solutions.

• Move to a shaded, cooler area and rest.

• Cool the body with wet clothes or immersion in water.

Snake Bites or Allergic Reactions:

• Keep the bite area immobilized and lower than the heart.

• Administer an antihistamine or epinephrine if necessary for allergic reactions.

• Seek professional medical help immediately.

Tips for Beginners:

Take a Wilderness First-Aid Course: Wilderness first-aid training prepares you for remote scenarios.

Pack Compactly: A lightweight, waterproof first-aid kit ensures you’re prepared without adding unnecessary bulk.

Group Responsibility: Distribute first-aid supplies among the group to share the load.

Know Emergency Protocols: Be familiar with the canyon’s exit routes and ensure someone in the group has a satellite phone or alternative.